Oddbean new post about login | logout Lack of a layered approach? What does that mean? What's the cost of full validation? You mean syncing the chain? What's wrong with the transaction size, and what is the Monero block size? Monero has it's own network effects, with blow and hookers.
Broadcast networks don't scale. Bigger txns mean the computational load, data transfer, & storage costs of securing the network are higher per txn. As all of those grow (if the block size isn't small & limited) mining becomes more of a race than a fair lottery. In a lottery, winning is random based on % of contribution. In a race, those with more resources always win.