I don't think the tradition of never eating raw chicken has to do with salmonella at all, it's just terrible for your digestion. And mayonnaise was only an example, I've eaten raw eggs with sugar for breakfast for years, it's delicious.
No, it's because of salmonella. In chickens infected with salmonella, unlike other animals, the salmonella is present in the flesh itself. And it's pretty common for chickens to be infected.
May well be it. I personally hate the consistency of raw chicken. Maybe instinctively we evolved to hate it because of salmonella. Raw fish? No problem, raw beef? Yummy. But I cannot swallow raw chicken and I generally ask my money back wherever they serve me that thing (it's happened a couple of times!)