So in the old days, governments would try to print up money directly.  However, they ended up screwing themselves every time because people would dump the currency.  So then they tried printing it up and loaning it out.  This worked better, because people up to their ears in debt with money, were less likely to dump it.  But since governments have no self control, they would eventually overdo it and crush themselves, resuting in a currency blow-out.  So then they started to create private banking cartels, supposedly "independent" from government, with a private interest in maintaining their cartel.   In theory, the interests of these "private" cartels would keep government from going to far.  In practice, they get the entire economy addicted to cheap credit and create a stream of never ending market bubbles.  At a certain point, the goals of the banking cartels become indistinguishable from government, and the entire financial system becomes soft-fascist and pushes a national socialist agenda on the publically traded companies they control.  Welcome to the USA, a socialist shit-hole.