You need a keyboard combo, an install disk to boot to, and a payload.   

Interestingly enough, if I recall, you could at one time do an internet recovery on your Mac.    If this is still the case.   Boot into recovery set a root password, and set up ssh to accept connections.  From there you can deliver payloads and gather information outside the constraints of the 10 minutes.

 

 Can you do that without interrupting the sleep though if the computer is already on and booted?

The computer was specifically asleep, then when checked there was literally no indication that I’ve found so far of tampering. When I opened it back up it appeared to be in the exact same state. You couldn’t boot into another OS without closing the other down right? 🤔 

 Not without an exploit that hasn't been published anywhere.