Haiti is a case where because there's crap for opportunities even before the state's implosion, you have lots of poor people struggling that basically view leaving as the only solution because they have zero hope of securing the few middle class jobs in the country. And the few people with middle class jobs view leaving as their backup option in case they lose their jobs.

In the 1980s, the latter would just overstay their visa. Now they just wait perpetually on line for some first world country. The former sell everything and become boat people, or they hope that somebody from a pays blancs sends money back home so they can pay bills and eat. With the capital imploding, even the latter will forgo waiting to try sneaking into the US.