Fiat did not in the slightest lift anyone out of poverty. It axiomatically can’t. There is no such thing as a net benefit by having some particular group counterfeit money. There are two ways to obtain resources as people in a society. Literally only two. You either create some and trade what you create with others, or you steal, defraud, cheat, whatever you want to call it, where you take resources from someone else, and give nothing in return. That’s it, you either create them or take them. Fiat is just one of the “take it” options. That is all, nothing more, nothing less. It does not create wealth, it does not create stability, and any growth that occurred at the same time has nothing whatsoever to do with printing money. The ONLY thing having a global reserve did, was allow **The US** to print more money with less domestic inflation. It benefitted the US disproportionately and was able to cast out a much larger “network of taking.” If anyone spent a good honest few minutes thinking about it, the obvious conclusion for what has led to the incredible rise out of poverty has **obviously** been technological progress. And it is very easy to make the assessment that the multi-trillion dollar fraud of fiat imbalances, debt expansion, theft, and resource misallocation clearly and only slowed it down. And that it can literally do nothing else but exactly that.