Database design plays a crucial role in query optimization, as effective design can significantly enhance query performance. Normalization and denormalization are key strategies for optimizing database queries. Normalization reduces redundancy and improves data integrity, while denormalization intentionally adds redundancy to reduce the need for joins. Indexes, partitioning, and proper use of data types are also essential for query optimization.

Source: https://dev.to/mrcaption49/database-design-patterns-in-oracle-sql-2hfe