Lightning has so many issues because of it's complexity and abstraction that Monero or even Bitcoin and other L1s don't: Usability: -you need to open sufficiently funded channels to be able to even receive or send to begin with (very inconvenient, unintuitive, and annoying) -limited in the amount you can send without your transaction failing -can't transact without both parties being online at the time of transaction -can be force closed onto the base chain against your will Security: -can be rugged if your node is offline -illusion of final settlement (nothing is truly settled until on chain) -ability to grief honest users with zero cost -recent unresolvable critical security issues discovered that cannot be fixed without base layer changes lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/lightning-dev/2023-October/004154.html Privacy: -bad receiver privacy, IP is exposed by default, and hidden balances can be discovered by a passive adversary -centralization of massive routing nodes negates/reduces any help from onion routing -relies on large centralizing middlemen nodes for succesful routing and cheapest fees (incentives opposite to decentralization and privacy) Any solution to these usually come down to custodians or trusting someone else's node. Worst of all it isn't even a real solution for scaling bitcoin for all the downsides you take on: https://www.truthcoin.info/blog/lightning-limitations