How does the U.S. refugee system work?
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The U.S. refugee system has a permanent, standardized system for identifying, vetting, and resettling refugees. The system has fluctuated in size over the years, with increased scrutiny on arrivals from the Middle East. The U.S. defines a refugee as a migrant seeking entry from a third country who has been persecuted or has reason to fear persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. The number of refugees admitted annually has varied, with the cap proposed by the president and requiring congressional approval. President Biden has sought to rebuild the U.S. refugee program and has created a new Welcome Corps initiative. The screening and approval process involves multiple government agencies, including the State Department, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of Health and Human Services. Refugees are resettled in various states, with California, Texas, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington receiving the highest number of refugees. State and local governments play a role in the resettlement process, but the federal government has final authority. The security risks posed by refugee populations are minimal, with a small number of refugees implicated in terrorist plots. The Biden administration aims to improve the vetting process and restore U.S. leadership on global refugee resettlement.

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https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/how-does-the-u-s-refugee-system-work