The Bitcoin white paper outlines two innovations:
1.(Digital) Peer-to-Peer Decentralized Transaction.
2.Decentralized Governance (Trustless System): Later, it discusses decentralized governance through the network’s consensus mechanism.
1974: Cerf and Kahn Describe an Internet Protocol
#AES #Bitcoin §68
Their paper describes sharing resources using packet switching among network nodes. Later known as Transmission Control Protocol. TCP broke into a modular architecture consisting of the TCP and IP, or Internet Protocol. This later became known as TCP/IP and is attributed to accelerating the velocity of data more than one thousand times and the cost of delivery approaching near zero. Digital transformation has and will continue to deflate the costs for education, medicine, legal, and all human endeavors.
#AES #Bitcoin §65
1957 SEP 19: Eight Engineers Defected…
From Fairchild Semiconductor, created their own startup, and pioneered integrated circuits. Simple at first, but the integrated circuits grew in complexity. In the fast-growing Silicon Valley, John Moore observed computing power doubling every eighteen to twenty-four months. The phenomenon later became known as Moore’s Law, and it is still happening. Knowledge is growing exponentially. We are approaching some kind of singularity.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IS DEFLATIONARY AND ACCELERATING
#AES #Bitcoin §64
A commodity-based monetary system would reflect commonwealth productivity gains. Wages would track productivity gains instead of fiat grifting productivity gains with inflation. With Booth-deflationary forces, including technology, microprocessors, digital transformation, robotics, and AI…the cost of living should be going down.
Circulation of Second-Layer, Asymptotically Ideal Money
#AES #Bitcoin §63
The network effect is not limited to money. I agree with Jason Lowery’s generalization: “ALL bits of information.” The 2008 decentralizing innovation solved the digital double-spend problem without an intermediary. Not just high-velocity value. The peaceful revolution will also decentralize high-velocity data. Censorship-resistant value and censorship-resistant data will punch holes into the Great Firewall of China.
John Law vs. John Nash
#AES #Bitcoin §62
John Law set up the first central bank in France. He claimed, “Trade depends on the circulation of credit.” It works, but expect a hangover.
Network Effect
#AES #Bitcoin §61
It is a phenomenon and a wonder. Understanding network effects can be the difference between becoming a sovereign individual or remaining part of the herd. Your alignment with a network effect may provide exponential productivity.
Digital Transformation
#AES #Bitcoin §60
Digital transformation began in 1959, when Fairchild’s Jean Hoerni invented a transistor structure and in 1960, Fairchild created the first integrated circuit with four transistors.
Decentralized AI or Centralized AI?
#AES #Bitcoin §59
Decentralized AI will come by design, not by default. But if it happens, it will grow dominant. This is one of the most important aspects of zero-tax Bitcoin. And it will accelerate the velocity of value beyond imagination.
Bitcoin Is the First Example of a Decentralized AI
#AES #Bitcoin §58
Mycelium is an underground decentralized neural network; symbiotic Bitcoin is similar to mycelium. There are many good articles on this topic. By the way, a mushroom is the fruit of a mycelium network. The mycelium network and trees have a symbiosis that can be described as a superorganism.
STEMM, IP, and the Pursuit of Knowledge
#AES #Bitcoin§57
STEMM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, Math, and the extra M is for Manufacturing because manufacturing is very important for building surplus, tradeable commodities. Capital. A huge variable for the Wealth of Nations.
Real Estate Age
#AES #Bitcoin §56
More millionaires have been created in the past one hundred years from real estate than any other industry. Real estate is riding a bow wave of financialization and population growth. Financialization is good for the hierarchy, bad for the next generation.
The Industrial Age and Industrial Capital…
#AES #Bitcoin §55
There is a greater question. Will AI be centralized or will AI be decentralized? If decentralized, knowledge work will continue to grow. Zero-tax Bitcoin is our best hope for a decentralized singularity.
Capital Is Shifting over Time
#AES #Bitcoin §54
Before and during Jericho, there was a conflict between the hunter-gatherer and the farmer. Cain the farmer and Abel the shepherd. Metaphorically speaking, the farmer killed the shepherd, just like the barbed wire killed the free-ranging cowboy. There is a similarity between the walls of Jericho and barbed wire. Tearing down the walls of Jericho repeats the same Cain and Abel metaphor. The Walls of Jericho falling could be remembered as The Shepherds Strike Back.
#AES #Bitcoin §54
Before and during Jericho, there was a conflict between the hunter-gatherer and the farmer. Cain the farmer and Abel the shepherd. Metaphorically speaking, the farmer killed the shepherd, just like the barbed wire killed the free-ranging cowboy. There is a similarity between the walls of Jericho and barbed wire. Tearing down the walls of Jericho repeats the same Cain and Abel metaphor. The Walls of Jericho falling could be remembered as The Shepherds Strike Back.
Traditional Social Security
#AES #Bitcoin §53
In the past, land, sheep, cattle, and agriculture were capital. It was traditional social security. Generational wealth, not centralized entitlements. In Uganda, for example, ancestorial lands remain a tradition. Ancestorial private property is social security.
Capital Etymology
#AES #Bitcoin §52
In our hyper-financialized, fiat world, it’s easy to lose sight of what built wealth in the first place. Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, published in 1776, was a good framework contributing to the U.S.’s success over the past 250 years. Adam Smith defined capital as "that part of man's stock which he expects to afford him revenue."
Capital Etymology
#AES #Bitcoin §52
In our hyper-financialized, fiat world, it’s easy to lose sight of what built wealth in the first place. Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, published in 1776, was a good framework contributing to the U.S.’s success over the past 250 years. Adam Smith defined capital as "that part of man's stock which he expects to afford him revenue."
WHAT IS CAPITAL?
#AES #Bitcoin §51
We are most happy when we are productive. Capital is a force multiplier for human productivity. Capital starts with surplus commodities. Fungible value, such as barley, cattle, or a case of good wine without sulfates. Tradeable surplus. Tradeable assets.
#AES #Bitcoin §50
Unit of Account
As Bitcoin’s inflation rate moves to zero, ideal money will become the best:
• Store of Wealth.
• Medium of exchange for large transactions.
• Medium of exchange for everyday transactions.
• Unit of account…a natural step as Bitcoin layers accelerate the velocity of value.
#AES #Bitcoin §49
Medium of Exchange for Everyday Transactions
Bitcoin’s first-layer network is not practical for buying a cup of coffee. Lightning Network is one example of a second layer. There will be many second layers enumerated in satoshis or sats. There are 100 million sats per Bitcoin.
#AES #Bitcoin §48 Medium of Exchange for Large Transactions
With Bitcoin, there is no international border concept. No transfer limits. With Bitcoin, more than one billion dollars is transferred from the U.S. to anywhere in the world for less than one U.S. dollar, and within three confirmations, about thirty minutes, the transaction is considered immutable. No authority in the world can censor, change, or reverse that transaction on Bitcoin’s first-layer network.
#AES #Bitcoin §47 Store of Wealth
Bitcoin is a superior store of wealth to all other forms of money, including gold. The decline of the Roman Empire was characterized by the steady debasement of the currency. The U.S. Empire is following the same path as the Roman Empire and the Soviet Union. No empire lasts forever.
#AES #Bitcoin §46 Bitcoin Burns the Present for the Future
Bitcoin is the perfect battery. A perfect capital flywheel. Nothing is lost. Not one Satoshi. It does not leak your precious time, your energy, or your value. Your value does not melt nor evaporate. The decentralized network and Proof-of-Work protect your value. In the future, you will be able to spend your value, your energy.
Central banks, their cronies, and other fiat cartels don’t like the twenty-one million fixed units and don’t like Proof-of-Work because they can no longer spend your future. Bitcoin breaks the magic money printer.
#AES #Bitcoin §45 Fiat Burns the Future for the Present
The U.S. dollar CPI averages 4%, but even this is a low estimate. Central bankers cook the books to hide money printing. They need inflation or debt-based assets collapse. Fiat bankers align with pro-growth anything, including high-fertility organizations.
#AES #Bitcoin §44 BITCOIN’S PATH TO MONETIZATION
Fiat can’t compete with other Bitcoin attributes:
• Decentralized.
• Fair distribution.
• Open source.
• Public ledger, symmetric information.
• No asymmetric trading against the public.
• Most important, Bitcoin’s inflation is going to zero.
• Without inflationary debasement, fiat debt implodes.
#AES #Bitcoin §44 BITCOIN’S PATH TO MONETIZATION
Gold, silver, and tradable surplus represent a commodity-based monetary system. With knowledge and productivity growth, commodity-based monetary systems are Booth-deflationary. The price of living goes down. Great for the wage earner. Bad for debt-based assets.
#AES #Bitcoin §43 Debt Supercycle Implosions
The debt supercycle is a recurring pattern:
• Debt builds,
• The velocity of value slows,
• Money dies, malaise,
• Eventually, the pitchforks come out,
• War, guillotines, and debts are destroyed, and
• A new power establishes or resets with a new ledger.
Which ledger will replace the petrodollar? Can it be different this time? A transition without violence? Perhaps peaceful Bitcoin will emerge instead of another top-down artificial fiat.
#AES #Bitcoin §42 Fault Isolation
This is a method of detection by isolation. Failure to isolate an electrical fault may require replacing multiple systems. With a monetary system, fiat is an electrical short or a hydraulic leak.
Bitcoin is ideal. A closed system of twenty-one million. Value flows without loss. Without inflation. Bitcoin follows the Law of Conservation. Fiat does not. Fiat is designed to debase. Designed to leak. Fiat is not ideal money.
#AES #Bitcoin §41 Electrical Shorts Are Bad
The first law of thermodynamics is a universal law and can be applied to a closed system. Energy is converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. An application of the Law of Conservation can be observed with a hydroelectric power plant. Water flows downward onto a turbine. This, in turn, rotates the turbine and generates electricity.
The electric circuit is a continuous path from the energy source to the load. The electric circuit is a loop. A short circuit may cause a fire, electrical burn, or electrocution. Fixing a short circuit is not easy. Fault isolation is one method.
#AES #Bitcoin §40 Hydraulic Leaks Are Bad
With a leak, the hydraulic system is broken. The pump will work to compensate for the loss. As the leak grows bigger, the pump must compensate more and more. The system grows more fragile until it doesn’t work. Hydraulic leaks are bad. For the conservation of energy to work, the energy system must be closed.
#AES #Bitcoin §39 The Ring That Binds Them All
The magic money printer binds them all. The fiat oligarchy gets richer. Everyone else gets inflation. The Fed can print infinitum, and the other fiats around the world are debasing faster than the U.S. Dollar.
#AES #Bitcoin §38 OUR BROKEN MONETARY SYSTEM
The fiat oligarchy gets richer. Everyone else gets inflation. Slavery is a win-lose scenario. In the long run, with slavery and inflation, everyone loses. In a commodity-based monetary system, transactions are win-win. In the long run, everyone wins.
#AES #Bitcoin §37
Crypto is a Scam, Fiat Inflation Is Theft
Unlike crypto, Bitcoin is not a security. No liability attached. By definition, a security has a liability attached to it. The U.S. dollar has liability to the U.S. government…meaning the U.S. can debase it. Bitcoin cannot be debased. Less than twenty-one million units, forever. Bitcoin is owning a “bearer asset,” and a bearer asset means you hold it. Commodities, such as gold, fit into this asset class. Commodities do not have liabilities. Bitcoin is a commodity. The scarcest commodity ever created. After the 2024 halving, Bitcoin will be scarcer than gold.
Fiat is not a commodity. Crypto is not a commodity. This is why fiat and crypto are close cousins.
#AES #Bitcoin §35 Demonetizing Gold, but Not Bitcoin
After World War II, the Bretton Woods Agreement would return to an honest ledger. The U.S. dollar was pegged to gold. Then, Richard Nixon decoupled the U.S. dollar from the gold peg. The U.S. dollar departed from a commodity-based monetary system. Since 1971, the U.S. dollar has been fiat, and gold is increasingly demonetized with unnecessary friction. Now, cash is being demonetized with Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML).
Fiat is easiest to debase for the purpose of creating artificially low fiat interest rates. Artificially low interest rates displace commodity-based monetary systems.
#AES #Bitcoin §34 Bitcoin – The First Decentralized Digital Ledger
No double-entry. No economically meaningless swaps obfuscating value, fraud, embezzlement, counterfeiting, or grand-theft inflation. No intermediary needed. No central bank.
#AES #Bitcoin §33 Triple-Entry Ledger
In 2005, Ian Grigg wrote about triple-entry accounting. It was a digital transformation of the paper-centric, double-entry method. With Grigg’s method, the cryptographic signed transaction. Grigg coined the term…a pair of double-entries connected by the central record: triple-entry. Note: this is not Bitcoin.
#AES #Bitcoin §32 Double-Entry Ledger
During the 14th century, merchants in Venice and other Italian merchant cities developed a double-entry accounting method. Instead of exchanging gold for goods, merchants would orally describe the transaction to a scribe while the gold remained at a safe location. The debits were on the left half of the page, and the credits were on the right half of the same page. Each transaction recorded both sides of a transaction, so the total of one side had to equal the total of the other side. Traceability helped improve the accuracy of the records.
#AES #Bitcoin §31 Single-Entry Ledger: Cuneiform
Cuneiform is a method of writing once used in the ancient Middle East. The wedge-shaped stylus was pushed into a soft clay tablet and dried, perhaps in the sun. The clay tablet created an immutable record. Cuneiform is the oldest form of writing in the world, appearing earlier than Egyptian hieroglyphics and lasting about three thousand years.
#AES #Bitcoin §30 Perceptual Value and Social Credits
Perceptual value existed before value became descriptive, objective, or academic. Before money, people naturally kept track of favors and insults. Dogs, cows, and crows also keep a social ledger.
#AES #Bitcoin §28 Onshore Engineering and Manufacturing
Adam Smith described this in detail. Financialization is the reason why engineering and manufacturing continue to offshore to other countries and only onshore with heavy subsidies. It’s exactly what Adam Smith described in The Wealth of Nations. Monopolies distort price signals for the worst. Good for the mercantilist. Bad for everyone else.
#AES #Bitcoin §27 Free Market Signals and Fiat Drift
With fiat, artificially low interest rates for the fiat oligarchy distort and cause financial signals to drift. Eventually, assets will go parabolic. Melt up. On the surface, this doesn’t seem rational. But it is reasonable when you know fiat is 100% guaranteed to debase. When the credit risk gets too high, a melt-up will happen. It’s already started.
#AES #Bitcoin §26 Definancialize, Demonetize Real Estate and Fix Homelessness
Zero-tax Bitcoin is our best hope for a commodity-based monetary system…. A commodity-based monetary system is our only hope to definancialize and demonetize housing and reverse growing homelessness.
#AES #Bitcoin §25 Problems with a Financialized Economy
Back in the day, the Mississippi bubble was one of the biggest asset bubbles known to the modern world. This bubble led France into prosperity. Then, the same bubble caused the opposite to happen, leaving France bankrupt and insolvent. Worse off than when John Law started rehypothecating debt-based assets, co-mingled and obfuscating private-public accounting. Bank failures are not new. It’s the same scam over and over.
#AES #Bitcoin §24 Bitcoin Transforms a Centralized Economy into a Free Market
We need to lean up. Our subsidized feudal systems will scream bloody murder. Let them scream. We need to get in shape. Zero-tax Bitcoin. Zero-tax gold. Zero-tax copper. Zero-tax aluminum. Zero-tax lithium, and other renewables.
§23 #AES #Bitcoin 1971 AUG 15: U.S. Defaults and the U.S. Dollar Transforms into Fiat Currency.
Debt obligations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury (bonds, notes, and Treasury bills) are considered risk-free because the U.S. government backs them…with more money printing.
§22 #AES #Bitcoin
It is important to note John Nash was once diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Satoshi, likewise, exhibited this kind of paranoia. In addition, John Nash was also a noted expert in some of the elements comprising Bitcoin. The John Nash equilibrium, cryptography, and other elements. John Nash deserves credit as the creator of Bitcoin. It’s time to remake the movie A Beautiful Mind.
§22 #AES #Bitcoin
It is important to note John Nash was once diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Satoshi, likewise, exhibited this kind of paranoia. In addition, John Nash was also a noted expert in some of the elements comprising Bitcoin. The John Nash equilibrium, cryptography, and other elements. John Nash deserves credit as the creator of Bitcoin. It’s time to remake the movie A Beautiful Mind.
§21
It is important to note John Nash was once diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Satoshi, likewise, exhibited this kind of paranoia. In addition, John Nash was also a noted expert in some of the elements comprising Bitcoin. The John Nash equilibrium, cryptography, and other elements. John Nash deserves credit as the creator of Bitcoin. It’s time to remake the movie A Beautiful Mind.
§20
It is important to note John Nash was once diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Satoshi, likewise, exhibited this kind of paranoia. In addition, John Nash was also a noted expert in some of the elements comprising Bitcoin. The John Nash equilibrium, cryptography, and other elements. John Nash deserves credit as the creator of Bitcoin. It’s time to remake the movie A Beautiful Mind.
§21
2009 FEB 11: Satoshi Nakamoto Posted:
Banks must be trusted to hold our money and transfer it electronically, but they lend it out in waves of credit bubbles with barely a fraction in reserve.
Enforcing the Howey Test would clean up the crypto problem. With fiat and crypto combined, we are living in the golden age of theft.
§19
2023 FEB 23: Pretty Much Every Sort of Crypto Is a Security…Everything Other Than Bitcoin
Enforcing the Howey Test would clean up the crypto problem. With fiat and crypto combined, we are living in the golden age of theft.
§19
2023 FEB 23: Pretty Much Every Sort of Crypto Is a Security…Everything Other Than Bitcoin
A lot of people automatically dismiss e-currency as a lost cause because of all the companies that failed since the 1990s. I hope it’s obvious it was only the centrally controlled nature of those systems that doomed them.
2009 FEB 15 Satoshi Nakamoto
§18 #Apex #Bitcoin
Satoshi implemented Asymptotical Ideal Money with halvings, adjustable difficulty, and the John Nash equilibrium. John Nash described it in Ideal and Asymptotically Ideal Money, published in 2005.
#AES #Bitcoin §17
2009 JAN 03: Genesis Block
> The receiver of a payment must wait an hour or so
> before believing that it's valid. The network will
> resolve any possible double-spend races by then.
….
Satoshi Nakamoto
#AES #Bitcoin §16
2008 NOV 13: The Network Will Resolve Any Possible Double-Spend
Satoshi Nakamoto’s white paper, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, describes “How” Bitcoin. The paper finds the solution to the double-spend problem on a peer-to-peer network.
#AES #Bitcoin §15 2008 OCT 31: (Published on Halloween)
In his abstract, John Nash asks the poignant question, “How do rational expectations affect economic behavior when there is no standard value for the currency?”
§14 2005 APR 26: John Nash Presents Ideal and Asymptotically Ideal Money
Imagine an immutable, single source of truth without any intermediaries. Over time, the top-heavy hierarchies will grow increasingly irrelevant, especially fiat central banks and the fiat oligarchy.
#AES #Bitcoin §13 2002: Hashcash - Predecessor to Proof-of-Work
Dai describes B-money. Without a third party, all transactions must be publicly announced: “[S]enders and receivers are identified only by digital pseudonyms (public keys).”
#AES #Bitcoin §12 1998: B-Money, Senders, and Receivers Identified by Pseudonyms (Public Keys)
Eric Hughes, helped inspire the cryptographic community, advocating widespread cryptography and privacy-enhancing technology in order to safeguard people’s rights and advance a more open and decentralized society.
#AES #Bitcoin §11 1993 MARCH 9: A Cypherpunk's Manifesto
By changing the format from software to a book, Phil Karn and Phil Zimmerman established a precedent. Code is free speech.
#AES #Bitcoin §10 1991: Phil Zimmermann Wrote and Published PGP
President Xi and Ray Dalio calling blockchain great is a calculated misdirection. Xi and Dalio are fiat maxis. Both benefit from the fiat Ponzi, riding the wave of artificially low interest rates.
#AES #Bitcoin §9
In 1992, Stornetta, Haber, and Dave Bayer incorporated Merkle trees into their design, improving its efficiency by allowing document certificates to be collected into one block. #AES #Bitcoin §9 1991 January: Original Blockchain
Some call it The Byzantine Generals Problem. More specifically, it is a double-spend problem across a distributed network without a central authority.
#AES #Bitcoin §8 1982 July: Byzantine Generals Problem
1982 January 5: Merkle Trees
Method of Providing Digital Signatures. Patent application inventor named Merkle. The method will later be known as Merkle trees. Later, it was used in Bitcoin to generate a simple “root hash.” Every root hash will have a sixty-four-digit alphanumeric.
#AES #Bitcoin §7
1976 November: Asymmetric Cryptography
New Directions in Cryptography, published by Diffie and Hellman, describes asymmetric cryptography. The method will later be known as private-and-public key cryptography or asymmetric cryptography.
#AES #Bitcoin §6
"Bitcoin is the world’s first decentralized digital ledger, and it works because Bitcoin is increasingly scarce on an ultra-secure public network."
#AES §3
#introductions
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Satoshi discovered Bitcoin, he didn’t invent it. :- Jack M...