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A blockchain-based Domain Name System (DNS) is an alternative to the traditional DNS, leveraging decentralized, distributed ledger technology to manage domain name registrations and ensure transparency, security, and resilience against censorship and central control. Here’s a synopsis of how it works and its benefits:

1. **Structure and Operation**: Blockchain DNS operates on a peer-to-peer network where each domain is a record on the blockchain, eliminating the need for centralized authorities like ICANN. Domains are registered and stored across distributed nodes, making them immutable and less vulnerable to hacking or manipulation. Records can be added or updated through consensus mechanisms, such as proof of stake or proof of work, which provide security and transparency【7†source】【8†source】.

2. **Transparency and Trust**: Blockchain DNS enhances transparency because all transactions (such as domain registrations) are public and verifiable on the blockchain. This open ledger approach reduces the possibility of fraud and gives domain owners greater control over their domains without relying on traditional domain registrars, who may impose restrictions or fees【6†source】.

3. **Decentralization and Resistance to Censorship**: By distributing domain information across numerous nodes globally, blockchain DNS makes it difficult for any single government or organization to censor or control domain access. This approach promotes free information flow and protects against government-mandated DNS censorship【9†source】.

4. **Challenges and Adoption**: While blockchain DNS offers security and resilience, challenges include scalability, interoperability with traditional DNS systems, and limited browser support. Some blockchain DNS providers, like ENS (Ethereum Name Service) and Unstoppable Domains, have developed early implementations, but mass adoption remains limited due to these hurdles.

Blockchain DNS represents a significant shift towards a decentralized internet infrastructure, though it will need widespread collaboration and technical advances to replace or coexist with the existing DNS system.
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