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 I’m more in the camp of it being a specific balance of chemicals that enables it, and that only some animals might have that. 
 Itzak bentov argues that consciousness is a continuum.  Stones have it, but at a very unrefined level.  Plants have it at a higher degree that stones.  Bacteria, amoebas, and protozoa have it at a higher degree than plants. Then bugs et al.   Animals have it at a higher degree than bugs.  Primates and dolphins are animals with more than others.  Then humans have it at a higher degree.  So most things 'have conciousness' according to bentov, but some have higher refinement of conciousness' than others.  Rather than saying some things have conciousness' and some don't, I agree with this approach. 
 That’s interesting 🧐 wondering how we might ever prove that stones are somewhat conscious 🤔 
 We basically turn off consciousness using chemicals before surgery. All sorts of chemicals change thinking and levels of consciousness, which makes your guess the most reasonable I've seen. 
 That's sort of where I land on it, too. The idea of an energy that needs a particular medium to move to & through just makes sense to me.