nostr:npub10cq07ulfyc7y2l8rczk9s36g8j65tq3m6xk9us8hr3ua4ktfmaqq9a6nm3 >fiber-to-home
>Their last mile is skewed towards download, so the end users physically can't upload more than half their max download speed
Then that's not a fibre-to-home connection - that's a copper to home connection.

Every version of Ethernet that I can think of that is transmitter over fibre is entirely symmetric.

>So you'd be getting like idk, 8 Gbit/s download and 0.8 Gbit/s upload from that customer? Do you charge them for upload & link only?
Almost all upstreams don't charge anything for download (some scammers still do, but most ISPs choose another provider instead if possible), so unless the tier3 ISP is excessively greedy, there isn't be any caps or limits on download - you get line speed.

But most upstreams charge for upload, so most Tier3 ISPs intentionally limit upload so it's impossible for each user to upload enough to impact the bottom line of profitability. For example, say you have a 100BASE-TX link to the internet, that means 100Mbit of symbols can go over that link every second - but your typical ISP will configure their routers to start dropping packets as soon as say >20Mbit/s of measured bandwidth is exceeded.