- Proof of work was invented to prevent spam. - Satoshi used PoW to rate-limit block production. - Blocks create scarce Satoshis. - Cashu puts Satoshis into bearer ecash tokens. - KeyChat (privacy messenger) uses Cashu tokens as stamps to prevent spam. Full circle nostr:npub1qg8j6gdwpxlntlxlkew7eu283wzx7hmj32esch42hntdpqdgrslqv024kw.