"There is nothing that I'm aware of that shows that Jesus intended for there to be a single, centralized person to be in charge of all Christendom other than Himself."

I'm curious to hear your thoughts on some of the Biblical sources for the papacy.  Matthew 16 is often quoted, but I only learned recently that it references the book of Isaiah and the office if Chief Steward in the Davidic kingdom.

This article gives a summary of that, and some other Scripture that relates to the papacy:
 https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/peters-authority